Disputes that lead to greater understanding and new perspectives can actually increase excitement and continuing discovery in a committed relationship. Romantic partners who have learned communication skills and how to argue productively while maintaining respect for each other during their conflicts can create a new emotional universe that neither partner could have created alone. RELATED: 10 Simple Ways To Have Healthy Arguments With Your Partner In contrast, many romantic partners fight in ways that consistently hurt their relationship. Soon into any dispute, one or both become need-to-win combatants, establishing their superior position at the expense of their partners. As these kinds of disagreements escalate, these combatants use any behaviors and strategies they can muster to win the argument in any way they can. The result of these adversarial styles is often mutual isolation, unresolved anger, and painful wounds. Need-to-win fighting styles are often unconscious behaviors that are learned in childhood and continue in subsequent relationships. Many people are not even aware of when or where they learned to fight this way or why they continue to do so. They can easily see that they are having constant difficulty resolving their relationship disputes, but they have not connected their need-to-win fighting style, itself, with that lack of successful outcomes. When I am able to point them out to couples as they emerge in their interactions, they are often surprised when they see that the way they fight is the actual culprit behind their lack of ability to adequately resolve their disagreements. When they understand that a different way of handling disputes can turn them from adversarial combatants to a mutually effective debate team, they are very often enthusiastic to learn how to do that. As they become a mutually supportive team when they are in conflict, they begin to come up with innovative solutions to problems they had not been able to resolve in the past.

Here are 10 of the most common “need to win” fighting styles and how not to fight dirty in your relationship.

1. The silent treatment

Often accompanied by crossed arms and a supercilious expression, the silent treatment is one of the need-to-win fighting styles that is designed to get the other partner to expose his or her thoughts and feelings without doing so for him or herself. As the silent partner stays disconnected, the other partner’s distress tends to escalate, giving the winning edge to the one who stays hidden.

2. Invalidation

When feeling attacked or unnerved, many people fight back by challenging and devaluing any reasons the other partner has for feeling the way he or she does. These focused fighters often bring in other people’s confirmations of their own point of view to beef up their position or go after the ways their partner has failed in the past. The goal of this fighting style is to create self-doubt in the other person.

3. Escalation

In most relationships, one partner tends to be more dominant, more able to be direct, and stronger in the way he or she feels and thinks. These people are often in relationships with partners to tend to be quieter, more methodical, and more reflective before they voice their opinions. When these couples argue, the need-to-win dominant partner is highly likely to use powerful and intense energy to escalate the argument into greater emotional intensity. The other partner’s ability to fight back is quickly overpowered.

4. Piling on other issues

When need-to-win partners feel that they might be losing an argument, they often respond by diverting their opponents to other issues. They may do so by rehashing the past, talking about other problems, or trying to get the other partner to focus on his or her own flaws. The goal of bringing up additional issues is to confuse the one at hand by overloading the situation with past conflicts that are not pertinent at the time. When this fighting strategy works, the other partner cannot stay on point and is unable to resolve the initial issue. RELATED: 28 Bad Relationship Habits You Desperately Need To Lose By Age 30

5. Character assassination

When they feel cornered and lose a fight, many need-to-win fighters resort to this effective but terribly destructive response. Instead of sticking to the situation at hand, they challenge the other partner as to how he or she is basically flawed in some way, using every example they can to drive in their point. They attempt to convince the other partner that his or her core personality deficits make them unworthy of challenging the issue at hand, or any others. The response of the accused is usually feeling as if he or she is on a symbolic witness stand, defending those painful devaluing judgments.

6. Arguing from a distance

The farther away partners are from each other during a conflict, the easier it is for either of them to hurl accusations and insults without feeling responsible for the effect on the other. The distance also allows the need-to-win partner who claims it to more easily assess the weakness of the other and to take a more protected stance. It also can alleviate guilt because the intimacy of closeness is diluted and responsibility for causing pain is easier to ignore.

7. Hitting below the belt

During any disagreement, partners who care for each other know what they can use in an argument and what they must never say no matter how heated the conflict becomes. They trust each other to never use the special knowledge they have of one another’s deepest vulnerabilities to win an argument. The most serious and relationship-destructive conflicts occur when one or both partners break that trust by using the sacred information they know about the other to gain an unfair advantage during a confrontation.

8. Martyrdom

An insidious but often effective strategy to win a fight is to begin beating oneself up on the other end of any accusation or challenge, and then blame the other partner for the exaggerated self-destruction. These kinds of fighters act as if the other’s accusations were much worse than they were intended in order to make the attacking partner feel guilty and then back down.

9. Intimidation

In any committed relationship, threats of abandonment, exile, and escalated aggressiveness are needing-to-win fighting styles that are intended to make the other partner feel insecure and fearful of loss. The goal is to use that response to have him or her focus on what might be lost if the fight continues.

10. Feigned indifference to the outcome

Whether they feel differently inside or not, partners who pretend they don’t care about whether they win or lose can actually win an argument by acting as if they are giving in without really agreeing. The other partners can feel the ruse and know that they have essentially been robbed of power or influence by the “playing dead” posture of the other. None of these “need to win” fighting styles will ever lead to a productive resolution of conflict. Rather than the partners listening, respecting, or being open to each other’s experience, they continue to see only their own positions and do whatever they can to wipe out the other’s reasonableness. The arguments that ensue from these no-win battles create deepening grooves of resentment that become harder to overcome over time. Once these negative fighting styles are identified and stopped, couples can begin to deal with conflict in more productive ways. They are ready to learn the rules of productive disagreements. There are multiple sources that are available to help intimate partners learn communication skills and how to fight productively. Here are seven rules for how not to fight dirty:

  1. Avoid arguing at all if you are tired, frustrated, or there isn’t enough time to adequately resolve the situation.
  2. Sit close to one another, preferably physically touching in some way.
  3. Listen completely to the other’s point of view. Support does not mean having to see things the same way.
  4. Argue only one issue at a time. If others get brought up, agree to talk about them separately and only after you resolve the one at hand.
  5. Don’t add support to your position by using others’ opinions or past arguments to bolster your argument.
  6. Stop the conflict if either one of you escalates the need to win.
  7. If you cannot stop from employing a needing-to-win style when you disagree with your partner, seek out the support of a mutually respected professional or lay witness to observe. Following these guidelines may initially seem hard, but they get easier over time. The compounding rewards encourage most couples to continue practicing them. Disagreements that are handled with mutual respect and support both enhance and strengthen the intimate connection between the partners in committed relationships. RELATED: My Husband And I Tried To Have An Open Marriage. It Epically Failed. Dr. Randi Gunther is a clinical psychologist and marriage counselor, who helps singles and couples. She is the author of the newsletter Heroic Love. This article was originally published at Psychology Today. Reprinted with permission from the author.